When trying to build Thunar with '--enable-debug=full', I get the following output:
In file included from /usr/include/glib-2.0/glib.h:62:0,
                 from /usr/include/glib-2.0/gobject/gbinding.h:28,
                 from /usr/include/glib-2.0/glib-object.h:23,
                 from /usr/include/glib-2.0/gio/gioenums.h:28,
                 from /usr/include/glib-2.0/gio/giotypes.h:28,
                 from /usr/include/glib-2.0/gio/gio.h:26,
                 from thunar-file.c:53:
thunar-file.c: In function ‘thunar_file_reload’:
/usr/include/glib-2.0/glib/gmessages.h:576:3: error: ‘return’ with no value, in function returning non-void [-Werror]
   return;       \
   ^
../thunar/thunar-private.h:32:47: note: in expansion of macro ‘g_return_if_fail’
 #define _thunar_return_if_fail(expr)          g_return_if_fail (expr)
                                               ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
thunar-file.c:3923:3: note: in expansion of macro ‘_thunar_return_if_fail’
   _thunar_return_if_fail (THUNAR_IS_FILE (file));
   ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
thunar-file.c:3921:1: note: declared here
 thunar_file_reload (ThunarFile *file)
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
cc1: all warnings being treated as errors

I have obtained these results on Debian Testing, Fedora 24 and Arch Linux, all of them up-to-date. Building without '--enable-debug' works fine in each case.

Please feel free to let me know if/how I can help you fix this.